Jack and Simon in Chapter Three of the Lord of the Flies Essay example

Jack and Simon in Chapter Three of the Lord of the Flies In the Lord of the Flies, William Golding makes many contrasts between his symbolic characters. For example in chapter three, 'Huts on the beach', many contrasts and similarities are made between the two characters Jack and Simon. These descriptions give an idea to their personality and feelings. The description of Simon in the jungle, and Jack in the woods highlights many of their differences. Jack is alone and descriptions like, 'with flared nostrils', and 'ape- like' suggest he is behaving like an animal. Jack's appearance is also starting to resemble animals, as his hair has grown, 'longer', and his skin darker with, 'a mess of dark freckles'. Simon's appearance is described similarly to jacks. He has ' a coarse mop of black hair,' which was 'long' Simon on bare feet, like jack and he has dark skin and only wears, 'the remains of shorts'. This shows that both characters do not take much care in their appearance. In this sense, living on the island has effected them both in the same way. Jack has changed in himself by becoming less prim and proper. He has started to swear, become more dirty and tatty, 'streaked with brown earth' and he is wearing only, 'tattered shorts', these factors all show how jack is loosing his inhibitions and that from the start of the book he has changed greatly. The settings of the wood and jungle are quite similar, although the way Golding presents them greatly changed the perception of Jack and Simon. Simon, in the jungle is presented in an attractive way by descriptions like, 'the scent of ripeness' and, 'flower and fruit grow together on the same tree'. When Simon walks past the candle buds, the quote, 'the ... ... but it is evident that he has much wisdom, and says well thought through comments. An example of this is when Jack and Ralph are speaking, and Simon abruptly joins in their conversation by saying, 'as if it was not a good island'. This is meant in a way to try and make Jack and Ralph consider the point. Then he goes on to say, 'as if the beastie, the beastie or the snake- thing was real'. Simon unlike Ralph and Jack, does not find the beastie a threat, and does not seem scared or frightened about it. Jack and Ralph both like having the role as leader, and have a want for power over the lives of the group. Jack says to Ralph, ''you're chief. You tell 'em off', in a harsh tone, showing he is jealous about Ralph being leader. Simon, unlike Jack and Ralph shows no desire to be leader. This reinforces the idea that Simon could be compared to Jesus figure.

Capital investment analysis and inflation and capital investment analysis with taxation Essay

Inflation refers to persistent increase in price of goods and services. It is also referred to as average general increases in the price of goods and services. Prior to this time, there had been lots of argument amongst writers in finance on whether or not to ignore or include inflation when computing capital budgeting. The argument has always being that inflation affects both the discount rate and the cash flow hence the effect will always cancel out. During inflation shareholders will always demand for higher rate of return because inflation has a way of eroding the purchasing power of the shareholders but the impact of inflation on the company’s rate of return and the expected cash flow are not always the same. Shareholders are not likely to reflect the entire inflation rate on a single investment because of risk diversification strategy employed by most shareholders. Besides, inflation will not affect all the cash flows in exactly the same way. The impact of inflation on labour for instance will not be the same for material cost and cannot automatically reflect on selling price. Whichever way it is, the question is, How do we incorporate the effect of inflation in capital investment decisions? How do we adjust for inflation? Will the project still be worthwhile after adjusting for inflation? In analysing the effect of inflation in capital budgeting analysis two things should be taken into consideration. i. The effect of inflation on the discount rate – As inflation increases shareholders will demand for increased return to compensate for the reduction in the value of their capital. So there will be increase in the minimum return required by an investor. ii. How to take account of the impact of inflation on future cash flows. There are basically two types of inflation: i. General inflation – this is an increase in the average price of all goods and services in an economy. General inflation affects both the discount rate and the cash flow hence it should be properly estimated. Changes in consumer price indexes are used as a measure of general inflation in Nigeria. ii. Specific inflation – refers to changes in prices of the various components that make up the project under consideration. Various components such as sales prices, labour cost, variable cost etc. Specific inflation affects only the cash flows of the project. The treatment of specific inflation should be detailed as possible. Money Cash flow and Real Cash flow In an inflationary period there is a difference between N10,000 cash and goods and services worth N10,000. The first is the money cash flow while the later is real cash flow. Money Cash flow refers to the actual amount of cash flows in nominal term. To arrive at the money cash flow we adjust each item by its specific rate of inflation. Real Cash flow on the other hand refers to purchasing power equivalent of the actual amount of cash flows. To arrive at the real cash flows we deflate (i.e. discount) money cash flows using the general rate of inflation. In project appraisal, general inflation is usually assumed to be the same throughout the project’s life. It becomes easier to analyse the impact on both cash flows and the discount rate. However specific inflation rate need not be the same throughout the project’s life. Money Cost of Capital (MCC) & Real Cost of Capital(RCC) MCC – Measures the actual discount rate in terms of the actual money. That is, it is the discount rate in nominal terms. RCC – Measures the discount rate in constant price level terms. Return on an investment are usually based on expected returns. The anticipated rate of inflation will be reflected in required rate of return for a project. This relationship has long been recognised in financial economies and it is referred to as fisher’s effect. It is expressed as (1+m) =(1+r)(1+I) Where m= Money cost of capital R= real cost of capital I = General rate of inflation From the equation above, if ‘r’ & ‘i’ are given, m could be computed as: M=(1+r)(1+i)-1 If m and I are given the r can be calculated as r = – 1 If m and r are given, then i can be calculated as follows i = – 1 Rules to follow using MCC & RCC 1. Cash flows in money or nominal terms should be discounted at money or nominal cost of capital 2. Cash flows stated in money terms can be converted to real cash flows by discounting at the general rate of inflation. The real cash flows should then be discounted at real cost of capital. 3. Discounting money cash flow at the money cost of capital and real cash flows at the real cost of capital will give the same NPV for a project. 4. The specific rate of inflation should be effected on specific cash flow only. The cash flow arrived at should then be discounted at the relevant cost of capital which in most cases is the money cost of capital except otherwise stated. 5. Money cash flows should be discounted with money cost of capital and real cash flow should be discounted with the real cost of capital. Raze Ltd is considering a project costing N50,000. The project is expected to have a life of 4 years with a residual value of N4,000. Annual cash revenue from the project is expected to be N35,000 in year 1 rising by 6% per annum for inflation. Running cost are expected to be N15,000 in the first year of the project but would increase by 11% per annum because of inflating labour costs. The general rate of inflation is expected to be 8% and the company’s money cost of capital is 18%. Advice the company on whether or not to accept the project. Rex Ltd have been considering a 5yrs project costing N3m which on an initial estimate would earn N1.1m per annum in contribution without incurring any additional fixed cost but with a nil residual value at the end of year 4. Cumulative discount rate at 15% for 5years is 3.352. The company’s director believes that the project should be undertaken because its NPV was N687,200.00 However, further investigation into the cash flow reveals the following. a. The contribution consists of annual sales of N2.7m and variable costs of N1.6m for 1million units of sales per annum. These are the expected money values in year one. b. The sales would be made through a single distributor, who has asked for a fixed selling price of N2.70 per unit for 3yrs after which prices could increase by 18% for year 4 and held constant for year 5 c. Variable costs of N1.60 per unit in year one consists of material cost of N0.80 which are expected to increase by about 5% per annum and labour costs will rise by an expected 10% per annum for each year because of existing wage agreements with the trade unions concerned and a shortage of skilled labour for the work. Required 1. Is the initial NPV calculated correct 2. Is the project viable Solution Workings Yr 1 2 3 45 Sales2,700,0002,700,0002,700,0003,186,000 3,186,000 Less Material (800,000)(840,000)(882,000)(926,000) (972,405) Labour(800,000)(880,000)(968,000)(1,064,800) (1,171,280) Net MCF1,100,000980,000 850,0001,195,100 1,042,315 Labour at 10% Material at 5% Sales at 18% in years 4 & 5 Yr Cash flowsMCC @ 15%PV 0(3,000,000)1(3,000,000) 11,100,0000.8696956,560 2980,0000.7561740,978 3850,0000.6575558,875 41,195,1000.5718683,358 51,042,3150.4972518,239 The project is viable because it has a positive NPV of N458,010 The initial NPV calculated does not take into consideration the adjustment is sales, material and labour because of inflation. Summary We have looked at the impact of inflation in capital investment appraisal. Inflation refers to the persistent increases in prices of goods and services thus affecting the financing needs if the organisation as well as its cost of debt and WACC. Inflation is treated in capital investment appraisal by discounting inflated values of future cash flows at the money cost of capital or real cash flows at real cost of capital. Review question Idi araba town council plans to build a bridge over the local river to replace the existing ferry service. Building will start in one year’s time, that is 2006 and will take 4 yrs. It has planned to sub contract the building work to a major construction company and the best tender will involve the council in a cash expense of N10m at the start of building and further payments of N5m each year until 2010 once completed, the annual maintenance cost for the bridge will be N1m per annum according to today’s prices; the annual cost is expected to rise with the general inflation rate of 7% p.a. In addition, a major overhaul is expected to be required after the first 15years of use, this will comprise N10m of material plus wage costs of a further N10m in current prices. Material prices are expected to rise with the general rate of inflation for the next 16years and then remain constant; wage cost is expected to increase by 6% over the general inflation rate for the next 3years and then increase in line with general prices. The market interest rate the council consider relevant for the whole life of the project is 17.7%. You can assume that for calculation purpose the life of the bridge is infinite. The expected use of the bridge is 20,000 vehicles per day and toll charge is expected to increase in line with general inflation. Required a. Calculate minimum toll charge in the first year of operation necessary for the bridge to break even over its life, and explain your treatment of inflation. Note: Assume all annual cash flows arise on the last day of the relevant year. b. What other factors do you think the council should consider when deciding upon the toll charge? Note: The statement that â€Å"in addition, a major overhaul is expected to be required after the first 15yrs of use† should be interpreted to mean at the end of the first 15years of use (i.e. year 20.5 +15) (ICAN , 1993) Capital Investment Analysis and Taxation Tax is an important factor to consider when computing capital investment appraisal because of its implications on cash flows. Capital investment appraisal is based on after tax incremental cash flows arising from the project. Thus, when appraising the viability of a project tax that has to be incorporated and then discounted at the relevant cost of capital. Corporation tax This is charged on the profit made on projects that is positive cash flows and then discounted at the appropriate ruling rate. Currently in Nigeria, it is charged at 30%. It is usually charged on a preceding year basis because tax is expected to be remitted 6-11 months after the end of the period in which profit were earned. In capital investment appraisal we assume a year lag for corporation tax payment, that is, tax on taxable profits made in year one will be deemed payable in year 2 except otherwise stated. Also, when losses are made on a project the losses are used to reduce tax liability hence, it is treated as tax benefit. The amount by which tax is reduced is equivalent to cash inflow to the project. Investment Incentives – This is given to encourage investment in fixed assets. The main types include investment allowance and capital allowance. Investment allowances – are receivables which should be brought into the project appraisal in the period in which they are receivable. They are use to reduce the tax liability. Capital allowance- is available to reduce a tax liability if a business is carried on and it has a balance of qualifying capital expenditure. The reduction is treated as cash savings. Capital allowance could be treated on a straight line basis or a reducing balance basis. In Nigeria it is claimed as initial allowance and annual allowance. The Nigerian law permits a company to leave at least N10 in its book as written down value for an asset that is not yet disposed by the company. The Nigerian law also restricts the capital allowances a company can claim in any year of assessment to a certain percentage of the adjusted profit so that companies that have made profit can always increase their tax liability. On disposal of an asset no capital allowance can be claimed in the year of disposal. When disposal is finally made, the difference between the proceeds on disposal and tax written down value treated as: i. A balancing charge – if the sales proceeds exceed the tax written down value. ii. A balancing allowance if the tax written down value exceeds the sales proceeds. Assumptions on Investment allowance and capital allowance claims Two possible assumptions can be made on when to deduct capital allowance claims i. We can assume that the first claim is set – off on profits that occur in year one and it is deductible in year 1 ii. The most acceptable by examiners and in practice is to assume that the first claim occurs in year one and the tax savings occur one year later that is, year 2. Illustration 1 A company purchases a machinery at a cost of N10,000 in respect of a project which has a life of 5years and a residual value of N500. Calculate the capital allowance on a straight line basis that will be used to reduce tax payment in each year of the project. The initial allowance is 50% while the annual allowance is charge at 25%. Year ClaimsPoolAllowance 1. Initial allowance (50% x 10,000) 5,000 10,000 Annual allowance (25% x 10,000) -5,000 -10) 1,247.50(6,247.5)6,247.5 2. written down value c/f3,752.5 Annual allowance(1,247.5)1,247.5 3. written down value c/f2,505 Annual allowance(1,247.50)1.247.5 4. written down value c/f1,257.5 Annual allowance(1.247.5)1.247.5 5. written down value c/f10 Sales proceed(500) Balancing charge 490(490) Illustration 2 XYZ company is considering investing in plant and machinery costing N100,000. The machine has a life of 5 years after which it can be sold for N5,000. The machine would generate annual cost of saving of N35,000. Investment incentive on the machinery will be available as follows: Investment allowance 20%, initial allowance 20%, annual allowance 10% on a straight line basis. Tax rate 35% payable one year in arrears and after tax cost of capital is 15%. Should the machine be purchased? Solution Workings Investment allowance = 20% x 100,000 = N20,000 Capital allowance computation. Year Claims Capital Tax written allowance N down value N 1 Initial allowance ( 20% x 100,000)20,000 Annual allowance(10% x 100,000) – 20,000) 8,000 28,00072,000 2 8,00064,000 3 8,00056,000 4 8,00048,000 5 48,000 – 5000 Computation of tax liability Year 1 2 3 4 5 Cost of savings35,00035,00035,00035,00035,000 Investment allowance(20,000)—- Capital allowance(28,000)(8,000)(8,000)(8,000)(43,000) Taxable profits13,00027,00027,00027,0008,000 Tax at 35%4,550(9,450)(9,450)(9,450)2,800 Computation of NPV Year Machinery Savings Tax Net cash DCF @15% PV 0 (N100,000)- – (N100,000)1 (N100,000) 1 35,000 – 35,0000.869630,436 2 35,000 4,550 39,5500.756129,903.76 3 35,000 (9,450) 25,5500.657516,799.13 4 35,000 (9,450) 25,5500.571814,609.49 5 50000 35,000 (9,450) 30,5500.497215,189.46 6 2,800 2,8000.43231,210.44 8,148.28 The NPV is positive and thus, the machinery should be purchased. Illustration 3 New ventures Nigeria Ltd is considering a project with an initial cost of N5m. The project is to last for 5years with a scrap value of N10,000 .The project involves the production and sales of product X. Estimated future sales quantity and fixed costs are given below: YearSales QtyFixed Costs UnitsN,000 1100,0001,000 2110,0001,100 3120,0001,200 4120,0001,250 5125,0001,300 The selling price of product X is expected to be N50 per unit in year 1 rising by 5% per annum because of inflation. Variable costs are expected to be N25 per unit in year 1 rising by 8% per annum because of inflation. General level of inflation in the country is currently 7.5%. The company can claim capital allowance at the rate of 20% on the reducing balance basis on this project. Tax is currently at the rate of 35% payable one year in arrears. If the company’s after tax real cost of capital is 7%, should the company invest in the project? Solution Workings Computation of cash profit Year Sales Revenue Variable cost (N) Fixed CostProfits(N) 1100,000(N50)100,000(25)1,000,0001,500,000 2110,000(50)(1.05)110,000(25)(1.08)1,100,0001,705,000 3120,000(50)(1.05)2120,000(25)(1.08)21,200,0001,915,800 4120,000(50)(1.05)3120,000(25)(1.08)31,250,0001,916,614 5125,000(50)(1.05)4120,000(25)(1.08)41,300,0002,045,386 Computation of capital allowance(Reducing balance basis) Year Capital allowance Written down value 120% x 5,000,0001,000,0004,000,000 220% x 4,000,000800,0003,200,000 320% x 3,200,000640,0002,560,000 420% x 2,560,000512,0002,048,000 52,048,000 – 10,0002,038,000- Computation of tax liability Year 12345 Profits1,500,0001,705,0001,915,8001,916,6142,045,386 Less cap allowance(1,000,000)(800,000)(640,000)(512,000) (2,038,000) 500,000905,0001,275,8001,404,6147,386 Tax @ 35% 175,000316,750446,530491,6152,585 Cost of capital to use: (1+m) = (1+r)(1+i) i+m = (1.07) (1.075) M = 1.15025 – 1 M = 0.1503 x 100 M = 15.03% Computation of NPV Year Cost/Residual Cash profits Tax liability Net cash flow DCF@15.03% PV 0 (5,000,000) – -(5,000,000) 1 (5,000,000) 1 1,500,000-1,500,000 0.86931,303,900 21,705,000(175,000)1,530,000 0.75571,156.221 31,915,800(316,750)1,599,050 0.65701,050,576 41,916,614(446,530)1,470,084 0.5712839,712 5 10,0002,045,386(491,615)1,536,771 0.4965776,412 6(2,585) (2,585) 0.4317(1,116) 125,755 The company should embark on the project because it has positive NPV Illustration 4 SCG limited is considering a project that has the following cash flow estimates YearCash revenueCash Operating Expenses 1N’000N’000 21,600900 31,8001,100 41,400600 51,200500 500200 The project cost is N1.4m and has an estimated residual value of N10,500. The above cash flow profile has not taken into consideration the effect of changing prices. If effect on changing selling prices are taken into consideration cash revenue are expected to rise by 10% after year 1 and operating expenses by 11% after year 1. General level of inflation in the country is currently 15%.SCG Ltd can claim capital allowance at the rate of 25% on the reducing balance basis on this project. tax is currently at the rate of 35% payable one year in arrears. If the company’s after tax cost of capital is 20%,should the company invest in the project? Solution Workings Computation of cash profit Year Cash revenue (N) Operating expenses(N) Profits(N) 11,600,000 900,000700,000 21,800,000(1.10) 1,100,000(1.11)759,000 31,400,000(1.10)2 600,000(1.11)2 954,740 41,200,000(1.10)3 500,000(1.11)3913,384.50 5 500,000(1.10)4 200,000(1.11)4428,435.92 Computation of capital allowance Year Capital allowanceWritten down value 125% x 1,400,000350,0001,050,000 225% x 1,050,000262,500 787,500 325% x 787,500196,875 590,625 425% x 590,625147,656.25 442,968.75 5N442,968.75 – 10,500432,468.75 Computation of tax liability 12345 Profits 700,000 759,000 954,740 913,384.50 428,435.92 Less capital allowance 350,000 262,500 196,875 147,656.25 432,468.75 Taxable Profit 350,000 496,500 757,865 765,728.25 4032.83 Tax@ 35% (122,500) (173,775) (265,252.75) (268,005) 1,411.5 Computation of NPV Year Cost/Residual Cash Profits Tax liability Net Cash flow DCF@20% PV 0 (N1,400,000) — (1,400,000)1 (N1,400,000) 1 700,000- 700,0000.8333583,310 2759,000(N,122,500) 636,5000.6944441,986 3954,740(173,775) 780,9650.5787451,944 4913,385(265,253) 648,1320.4823312,594 5 10,500428,436(268,005) 170,9310.4019 68,697 61,412 1,4120.3349 473 459,004 The company should embark on the project because it has a positive NPV Summary The effect of taxation on a project will be to increase or reduce tax liability a company pays to the tax authority which will in turn increase or reduce the cash flows that will be used in arriving at the NPV of the project. When taxation is reflected in the cash flows, a post tax cost of capital should be used in evaluating the viability of the project. Review questions 1. Turnaround Nig Ltd is considering an investment that requires an outlay of N100,000 to be spent on the acquisition of necessary plant and machinery. The investment is expected to last for a period of 5 years by which time the residual value of plant and machinery is expected to be N18,000.The net revenue is estimated at Period 12345 Net revenue 30,000 45,000 50,000 52,000 20,000 In addition, turnaround Nigeria Plc expensed an investment of N10,000 in working capital and advertising expenses of N2,000 in period 1 and period 2. Turnaround Nigeria Plc has an after tax cost of capital of 10% and the application tax rate is 40% while the rates of capital allowance are initial allowance 20%,annual allowance 10%.Payment of tax claim may be assumed to be exactly one year in arrears. Required: Determine if the investment is worldwide 1. Links Ltd is considering investing in a project that will involve purchase of plant and machinery costing N150,000.The plant and machinery are expected to have a life span of 5 years and a residual value of N8,000. the project will generate cash profits as follows: Capital allowance is available on the plant and machinery at the rate of 25% of cost on the reducing balance basis. Tax is currently payable at 35% payable one year in arrears. The company’s after tax cost of capital is 18%.advise if the project is worthwhile.

Project Proposal Simple Linear Regression Project

PROJECT PROPOSAL Fall 2014 / IE 5318 (APPLIED LINEAR REGRESSION) Dr. VICTORIA CHEN STUDENT NAME(S): PROJECT NAME: SIMPLE LINEAR REGRESSION PROJECT I) PROJECT-PROPOSAL: ABSTRACT: We have considered the NBA statistics for the year 2013. We here perform an analysis to find the response of variables when different predictor variables are chosen. Here, we make observations corresponding to 38 players in the year 2013. The data set we have chosen includes: Predictor variables: X1 –Total minutes played. X2 – Number of Field goals made X3 – Number of Field throws made X4 – Number of Rebounds. Response Variables: Y – Total points scored in the year 2013 by 38 players. The reason for analyzing this data is to check the way the plots change for different predictor variables and to check the normality, linearity of the model etc. in such a way that it exhibits easy understanding. For the chosen data, we establish a relationship between the predictor variables and the Points scored (Response Variable). This helps any person to estimate the points scored at any point of time for a chosen predictor variable. DATA SET ANALYSIS: We here consider 38 observations and we plot the predictor variables against points scored. PLOT 1 : POINTS SCORED VS MINUTES PLAYED: X1 – Total minutes played (Predictor Variable); Y – Total points scored (Response Variable) PLOT 2: POINTS SCORED VS FIELD GOALS MADE: X2 – Number of Field goals made (PredictorShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of A Non Independent Variable, Dependent Variable And A Mediator On The Student s Sleep Quality Rating Essay1618 Words   |  7 Pagestermed â€Å"Qualtrics.† The incentive to take this questionnaire and complete it accurately was eight points worth of extra credit awarded to students who did so. Additionally, it was disclosed that students would be using the survey data for later project purposes and should answer truthfully to provide themselves with the best possible statistics. Of the 278 participants, there were 276 valid responses to gender identification. Of that 276, 59 identified as males and 217 identified as female. TheRead MoreThe Recidivism Area On Juvenile Delinquency1670 Words   |  7 Pagesjuvenile delinquency and investigate how it affects recidivism rates. The primary attention for this research proposal purpose is to rely only on juvenile delinquency data as the necessary spe cific information is not available for the adult population. Certainly, limitations exist as data is not collected by the author of this research proposal. However, due to limited resources this proposal utilizes quantitative methods based on secondary data regardless of its limitations. Therefore, the author hasRead MoreArtificial Intelligent in Construction Management4348 Words   |  18 PagesIntelligence for Project Management Final Report Instructor: Prof. Rayson Chou Student: Bui Quang Nha : M9705809 Fillip Korsa : E9815001 Table of Contents Abstract 4 1. Introduction 5 1.1. Background 5 1.2. Business needs for pavement life cycle prediction 5 2. Project statement 5 2.1. Problem definition 5 2.2. Project objective 6 3. Data description and preprocessing 8 3.1. Data description 8 3.2. Data preprocessing 9 4. Data mining techniques 12 4.1 Linear Regression 12 4.2Read MoreHmpyc80 Research Methodology3369 Words   |  14 Pagestwo or more means.) (BG p. 174) Factorial Analysis of Variance (BG p.180) TOPIC 2 CORRELATIONAL DESIGN Correlation coefficient (BG p. 208) Regression analysis, testing Beta (BG p.221) Prediction and regression analysis (BG p. 235) Multiple regression analysis (BG p.245) TOPIC 3 FACTOR ANALYISIS (BG p. 268) Latent and manifest variable TOPIC 4 RESEARCH PROPOSAL REVIEW Qualitative analysis (Tut 104 p101) and Paradigms (p.86)- Positivism Triangulation /Observation / Interviews / Bracketing Ethics TOPICRead MoreFinance2116 Words   |  9 Pages$15,000. REINVESTING | SAVINGS GROWTH | 20% | 4% | Growing Savings in perpetuity | $62,500 | Growing Reinvest in perpetuity | $12,500 | Total Present Value | $50,000 | Net present value | $15,000 | 2. CONCESSION STAND Project | Investment | Year1 | Year2 | Year3 |    |    |    | Add a new window | ($75,000) | $44,000 | $44,000 | $44,000 |    |    |    | Update Exist. Equipment | ($50,000) | $23,000 | $23,000 | $23,000 |    |    |    | Build a New Stand | ($125,000)Read MoreThe Planning Of Software Development Project2652 Words   |  11 PagesABSTRACT In the planning of software development project, a major challenge faced by project managers is to predict the re-work effort. (re-work effort is the effort require to fix the software defects identified during system testing). Project manager objective is to deliver the software that not only meets the time and cost requirements but also the quality requirements given by the client. To ensure the quality of the software, many testing cycle will be conducted before it is finally deliveredRead MoreCredit Evaluation Model For Banks Using Data Mining Techniques4296 Words   |  18 PagesTechnology A Project submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science In the field of Industrial Engineering Advisory Committee: Dr. Hoo Sang Ko Graduate School Southern Illinois University Edwardsville August, 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ii LIST OF FIGURES iii LIST OF TABLES iii ABSTRACT iv CHAPTER 1 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.1.1 Decision Process for Credit Evaluation 3 1.2 Problem Statement 4 1.3 Aim of the Project 4 1.4 ObjectivesRead MoreSmall Business Approach Value Creation By Finding Out If There Is A Roi Number Essay6788 Words   |  28 Pagesand Stark in 1987 between the cash recovery rate and the economic profit. In essence, the deviations that occur between ROI and IRR are because of the timing of the returns and the time horizon of the project. To take this matter into account, a model that generates the outcomes of an investment project was created. The results that stem from this model were later graphed and analyzed, concluding that IRRs that come from single ROIs can be delimited, but this delimitation cannot be defined, since dataRead MoreMethodology of Information System Development2589 Words   |  11 Pages Methodologies are seen as written information in the form of books and other documents by detailing every activity which needs to be implemented by system developers. This includes  documentation forms  and  reports  that need to be provided by the project team. There are also methodologies in a more shortened form, which contains general instructions on what needs to be implemented. Do you know that many methodologies today have been shaped from other methodologies? This has been done after some adaptationsRead MoreLong Term Development Policy Paper5988 Words   |  24 Pagescurrently use facility condition assessment (FCA), the â€Å"decline of a facility’s condition within 6 years of inspection†, and statistical methods to estimate the condition of terminal facilities by age. The specific statistical method used is a linear regression model that predicts FCI or DM in dollars as a function of facility age. A September 2013, GAO Audit, (U.S. Government Aoun tability Office, 2013) found dissimilarity in practices used to determine facility conditions made data comparison and

Total Rehabilitation Centre For Disabled Children

BACKGROUND Total Rehabilitation centre for disabled children was started in the year 2010.The home is located in Kasarani, Nairobi County, approximately 16kms from CBD. The home was founded by Teresiah who was initially running a door to door programme raising awareness in the community in regards to caring for disabled children.She is on the frontline within her community in advocating for equality of the disabled in society especially the children. Teresa rented out the house which is now total rehab centre and got a team to assist her in caring for the diabled children.The house is a masionette built on half an acre of land; it has 3 bedrooms, a shower and Toilet, A kitchen and a living area. The home is housing a total of 38 children. The home caters to children with autism, cerebral palsy and Down’s syndrome. A few of the children are rescued from their homes where they were not receiving adequate care. These children got a new lease of life at Total Rehab,an environment in which they receive proper care. A few members of the society hide their disabled children due to embarrassment and in the process the child/children are often neglected. Some of the kids are brought in by their parents, due to the nature of their work or financial constraints they are not able to give the child the proper care they deserving this case however the parents pay a small fee for the care of their children while at the centre. There are orphaned kids in the home as well. Teresa and herShow MoreRelatedPhysically Challenged6701 Words   |  27 PagesIS A PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED PERSON? A person is considered ‘handicapped’ or ‘physically challenged’ when he is not an ordinary person with all limbs. A disabled person is one who suffers from the loss or impairment of a limp or deformity in physical or mental capability whether due to natures foul play or an unexpected unfortunate accident. Disabled persons are of two types. (i) Physically handicapped (ii) Mentally ill. The condition of disability may arise by birth or in accident. Polio, blindnessRead MoreDisabled Care in Brunei914 Words   |  4 PagesDisabled care is categorised as people who are lack of abilities to function properly in their daily life for example physical disability, sensory disability, vision impairment or mental health problems. According to the United Nation, in 2012 there were 4,148 people or 1.06% of the total population consists of people with disability in Brunei (Mahmud, 2013). There are several non-profit organisations established in Brunei with the purpose of providing specialised care for the disabled such as SMARTERRead MoreCurrent Sne in Kenya2665 Words   |  11 Pagessituation of people with disabilities in Kenya. Some numbers are available, although these do not give an accurate picture of the number of disabled people living in the country. Applying the WHO recommended 10 per cent to today’s Kenyan population of approximately 40 million this would indicate that there may be some 4 million disabled people. Many disabled people in Kenya, as in most developing countries in the world, live in poverty have limited opportunities for accessing education, health, suitableRead MoreWala Lang5130 Words   |  21 Pagesspecial class was usually an all-or-nothing proposition.  Ã‚   Under the reform, schools are encouraged to program students on an individual subject basis according to their strengths, needs, preferences and interests and maximize time spent with their non-disabled peers.   Schools, in turn, have been encouraged t o improve fluidity between general and special education programs by creating parallel schedules where general education and special education teachers provide instruction in the same content area duringRead MoreFundamental Determinants6264 Words   |  26 PagesRachna Foundation [RACHNA ON THE CROSSROADS] Rachna Foundation is in a turbulent phase with greater than expected influx of mentally disabled children and government’s strict new regulations. Amidst the usual battle for arranging finances it is finding it hard to keep its mast upright. Rachna on the crossroads On a busy Friday morning, while Dr. Lalitha was busy attending to her patients at her home based clinic, she got a call from the office of Rachna Foundation. The office staff hadRead MoreSocial Welfare Administration10174 Words   |  41 PagesDevelopment [EDP] Program for Women Child Welfare Tamilnadu Integrated Nutrition Project Children in Need of Care and Protection Adolescent Girls Program Tamil Nadu Govt. Welfare Scheme for the Girl Child Pre-School Program Adoption Services Karunai Illams NGO Partnership for the Welfare of Children Puratchi Thalaivar MGR Nutritious Meal Program Integrated Child Development Scheme Government Rehabilitation Homes [Leprosy] Government Care Camp [Beggars] Melappakkam, Chennai 3 S.Rengasamy. SocialRead MoreFour basic models of the BGS relationship1847 Words   |  8 Pagescorporate body has been playing a pioneering role in implementing social and philanthropic programs to help disadvantaged people of the country. Education, healthcare, human resource development, conservation of nature, creation of social awareness, rehabilitation of distressed people and such other programs are some of the important areas where the bank carries out its social and philanthropic activities. In 2010 alone, DBBL donated BDT 340 million towards social causes. 2. Origin of the report: Read MoreInclusive Education3595 Words   |  15 Pagesto reach out to all learners, irrespective of their abilities, disabilities, ethnicity, gender and age, and receives quality education. The purpose of the study is to ensure that all children gain access to quality education that will prepare them to contribute to country’s progress. Recommendations to send children with disabilities to mainstream schools were first made in the Sargent Report in 1944 and thereafter the Government of India has created numerous policies around inclusive education sinceRead MoreThe Impacts of Mncs in the Economy of Bangladesh14643 Words   |  59 Pagessector represent the roles of socio-economic contribution, which have been done by MNCs as a whole. Based on collected data from different sources, we have analyzed the information and data with graph. Our purpose of sampling is to bring out the total overview about the contribution of MNCs in Bangladesh. Based on the study we made some recommendation on it. 1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY The ultimate intension of the study is to explore the prospects of MNC in Bangladesh with givingRead MoreI Am Born On The World1238 Words   |  5 Pagesrelationship did not work out. He then married again to Kai Millard Morris in 2001 till 2012. Their relationship ended and he remarried Tomeeka Robyn Bracy the same year and is still with her to the present day. Altogether, Stevie is the father of 7 children, 5 sons and 2 daughters (Google, 2015). Influences: Stevie Wonder has influenced so many people throughout his career and still continues to do so this very day. Apart from being involved in many helpful campaigns and events, Stevie’s music and

Walt Disney And Its Impact On The United States Political...

When Walt Disney comes to mind, it’s usually the idea of fairytales, princesses, and even amusement parks. But what most of society does not realize about Disney is that the corporation that sells Mickey Mouse ears to little children is the same corporation that fights for certain issues within the United States political spectrum. These issues help represent the qualities that Walt Disney has valued throughout their company’s history of over seventy-five years. This paper will discuss how The Walt Disney Company effectively uses strategies and resources to achieve their goals of copyright protection and environmental safety. The Walt Disney Company’s mission states, â€Å"To be one of the world’s leading producers of entertainment and†¦show more content†¦Because of all the animated features being produced within this studio, The Walt Disney Company had finally become financially stable by 1961. Walt Disney Co. has 35 shares, according to the year of 2015- 2016, which were from members who had individually donated to the Walt Disney PAC with an ending total of $423,913 (Open Secrets). These contributions were made directly through shareholders, who are members that have bought a share â€Å"directly through The Walt Disney Company Investment Plan† (The Walt Disney Company). Members of the management team such as Alan Braverman, Alan F. Horn, and Brent Woodford have all contributed over $5,000 to the Walt Disney PAC for the year 2015-2016 (Open Secrets). Because of members like Horn, Braverman, and Woodford, The Walt Disney PAC is able to contribute to certain representatives in the House and the Senate in order to meet their specific needs, such as bills being passed for copyright protection and environmental safety. The Walt Disney Company earns most of its income through merchandise, media coverage such as broadcasting, parks and resorts, studio entertainment, and e ven global partnerships in other countries. Because The Walt Disney Company has such a vast income, most of that money goes back out to other organizations and charities. Make-A-WishShow MoreRelatedDisney s Target Audience And Its Effects On Young Adults And Adults1411 Words   |  6 PagesSocioeconomic Audience. It may appear that Disney’s target audience is primarily children, but with its vast assets Disney’s products reach the full spectrum of audiences from preschoolers to adults. Disney products include television programs, books, magazines, musical recordings and movies (David, 2013). Disney Channels Worldwide is comprised of 94 kid and family entertainment channels available in 169 countries (David, 2013) ABC Family is a mixture of TV series and movies targeted towards youngRead MoreThe Walt Disney Company Report15335 Words   |  62 PagesCompany Research Paper The Walt Disney Company Pranay Kumar George Batah Shuxian Shen Sheng Hao Koo â€Å"We have complied with university honor code in completion of this assignment and I attest that this work is ours and ours alone.† Professor Suzanne Weiss Contents 1. Executive Summary 2. Company Background 3. Management 4. Situation Analysis 5. Ethics and Responsibility 6. Human Resource 7. Globalization 8. Operation and Production Read MoreWalt Disney Parks and Resorts3667 Words   |  15 PagesKuala-Lumpur – Malaysia 6 Disney selection criteria 6 KT decision analysis ( In Appendences) 7 Situational analysis 8 Dunker diagram (In Appendences) 9 Business, Disney and Culture 10 Disney and Success 11 Recommendation 12 Conclusion 13 References 14 Appendences 15 Mind Map 15 KT Decision Calculations 17 Dunker Diagram 18 Executive Summary Attached is a report that compares the three candidate cities that we as a group chose to host a new Disney theme park (Expansion).Read MoreCase on the Disney Brand14200 Words   |  57 PagesKey Words: Brand Extension, Expansion into New Geographies. Brand Culture, Brand Symbols, Semiotics Analysis. Study of ‘Disney’: Strategies and factors that helped build the iconic brand. Group 7 Archana Menon 2008 09 A Chandan Pansari 2008 12 A Ranjani Mani 2008 43 A Sumita Das 2008 55 A INDEX Introduction ..........................................................................................................................4 Licensing ..............................................Read MoreStrategic Management - Pixar - Success4064 Words   |  17 Pages Assignment: Strategic Management and Leadership Table of contents Question 1 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2. External analysis of Pixar Animation Studios 3 1.2.1. Macro environment 3 1.2.2. PESTEL-Analysis 3 1.2.2.1. Political factors 3 1.2.2.2. Economic factors 4 1.2.2.3. Social factors 4 1.2.2.4. Technological factors 4 1.2.2.5. Environmental factors 4 1.2.2.6. Legal factors 4 1.2.2.7. Conclusion 4 1.3. Internal analysis of Pixar Animation Studios 5 1.3.1. PrincipleRead MorePositive Aspects of Globalization Essay1843 Words   |  8 Pages Introduction During the last decade of the twentieth century, the word ‘globalization’ has become an increasingly prominent feature of political, social, and economic discussion in academic and policymaking circles, as well as in the media. The processes and outcomes of globalization drew attention and debates that had one thing in common. The research shows that nearly everyone agrees that globalization is a trend that is changing the face of the world, and as a result the world society livesRead MoreCommunism And The Soviet Union2261 Words   |  10 Pagesthe USSR and the United States were both part of the Allied Powers during WWII, it became immediately obvious when the war ended that these two nations would be enemies moving forward. These two superpowers had worked together to defeat the Nazi Regime, but had conflicting ideas of a superior government. Joseph Stalin, the tyrannical and bloodthirsty dictator who led the Soviet Union, wanted to spread Communist rule through East ern Europe, China, and Korea, which the United States opposed. The worldRead MoreMarketing Case Study9790 Words   |  40 PagesPC market had begun to slow down. Despite strong competition from Dell and Hewlett-Packard, Acer’s U.S. market share increased from 1 percent in 2004 to 3.3 percent by the end of 2006. What are Acer’s prospects for gaining further share in the United States? The U.S. has been a difficult market for Acer to crack. Dell and H.P. are strongly entrenched in the top two positions. While Acer has been somewhat successful in the B2B (business to business) market, it has been less so in the B2C (businessRead MoreThe Studio System Essay14396 Words   |  58 PagesThe Studio System Key point about the studio system could be: Despite being one of the biggest industries in the United States, indeed the World, the internal workings of the dream factory that is Hollywood is little understood outside the business. The Hollywood Studio System: A History is the first book to describe and analyse the complete development, classic operation, and reinvention of the global corporate entities which produce and distribute most ofRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 PagesELEVENTH EDITION MARKETING MISTAKES AND SUCCESSES 30TH ANNIVERSARY Robert F. Hartley Cleveland State University JOHN WILEY SONS, INC. VICE PRESIDENT PUBLISHER EXECUTIVE EDITOR ASSISTANT EDITOR PRODUCTION MANAGER PRODUCTION ASSISTANT EXECUTIVE MARKETING MANAGER ASSISTANT MARKETING MANAGER MARKETING ASSISTANT DESIGN DIRECTOR SENIOR DESIGNER SENIOR MEDIA EDITOR George Hoffman Lise Johnson Carissa Doshi Dorothy Sinclair Matt Winslow Amy Scholz Carly DeCandia

Deep side of the Sea Free Essays

Hurry! Give her mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. I can hear someone scream: well that is not the only thing I can hear. I can hear the siren and footsteps of people rushing here and there. We will write a custom essay sample on Deep side of the Sea or any similar topic only for you Order Now Now the sounds are beginning to faint and my entire body is aching. It hurts a lot but I cannot really tell where, now all I can hear are my own thoughts. I feel lightweight. I have no control over myself. I am drifting away to someplace and amazing thing is that I feel secure, while light surrounds me and it’s very quite. I guess it all started when my parents left for Canada and I being the only child had to stay home alone. A dream come true, I had through to myself: I was so happy, now I could go anywhere I wanted to, go to every party in town or better yet, through a party of my own. I spent few days doing nothing and handing out here and there. Then the day came: I was invited to go to the biggest beach party in town with my friends. So I gathered myself, surf board, suntan lotion etc and left. We reached there at around 10:00 am. I knew no one around a bit, those people were new to me but I still manage to mingle. The Party was going great, people were laughing, dancing and simply letting go of themselves. Later everyone decided to go for a swim, so I went along, splashing here and there, and life seemed nothing but a beautiful dream. The guys decided to go in deeper but I did not want to go, nor I wanted anyone to think I was a chicken. So being extra cautions I went but tried to stay a little behind. I wasn’t afraid. I just wanted to be careful. The guys were just playing around when a massive wave hit us, knocking everyone towards the shore, except me. I could not believe what was happening to me, some force was pulling me towards as if it wanted me down there. Water began to surround me eyes, they hurt so bad that now I could not even see anything. I tried my best to regain control but it was all in vain. I could see people far away, frantically running here and there but no one dare come for my rescue. I was really tired and I wanted to let go, and that’s what exactly I did and it felt good. I don’t remember what happened next but I could feel myself being dragged somewhere by someone. Presently I do not die, where I am but if it definitely not the sea. God! I hope I do not die what will become of me? And what about my family, they do not even know where I am, would I ever see them again God! Please help me get through this. How to cite Deep side of the Sea, Essay examples

Management In Digital Marketing Industry - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Questions: Why You Choose This Job Cluster? What Are The Skills Required? Answers: Introducation Earlier it was considered that the digital marketing skills are only required by the persons who are working in the creative field or other digital platforms such as social media, digital advertising or website development. Irrespective of the size of the industry, most of the organizations today are on the lookout for digital marketing expertise (2016 MARKETING HIRING TRENDS, 2016). The positions which require digital marketing skills would be in top demand over the course of next five years. This rise would be the cause of the amalgamation of the traditional skills with the digital ones. According to field experts, they are suggesting these the phase of the end of the traditional methods and the emergence of the digitized world. And the trend of using big data to have an analysis of the traditional strategies and the marketing decisions is on the rise. With todays availability of the large quantities of the campaign and the consumer data, the need to have a successful marketing cam paign is compelling the organizations to choose those who are accustomed to strategic and analytic planning and thinking. Various marketing teams are looking to hire people who have a problem resolving skills, an analytical mind and the capacity to communicate idea face to face or as well as virtually. They are making their choices irrespective of their location. Thus with the rise of outsourcing the digital marketing jobs, the demand for SEM or SEO project managers or professionals would see an abrupt downfall in this period (The Future of Jobs, 2016). Although all the key functions are being operated from in-house only and are continued to be managed by senior level managers and executives. As digital marketing is quickly becoming for both the internal as well as the external positions, thus hiring is getting more oriented with digitalization. Professionals who are having the necessary experience, proper skills, and critical thinking are being chosen as strategists to take care of certain duties (2017 TRENDS REPORT, 2017). Currently, the marketing team is expected to have multi-talented as well versat ile, with the intention that the organizations could be able to reach out to their target audience intelligently, quickly and efficiently. The increased diverse and virtual nature of current digital marketing professionals are creating such an environment where the skills for success are getting more and more technical with a secondary objective. In 2016, various organizations have hired around 4 million professionals in that year. The number of professionals being hired permanently excelled the number being hired as a contractual or interim basis. Throughout the year the trend of hiring marketing strategists and digital marketers topped the list of hiring with a rate of 37% and 39% respectively. Other digital marketing positions such as communications, data analysis and marketing positions were also at close range with 32% in the year 2016 (Trends in Digital Retail:, 2015). Two years before in 2014 project management was at the third position but in 2016 it attained the third last position with only 25% being reported to be hired in that field. The hiring process of SEM and SEO experts showed a steep decline partially as an effect of these jobs being outsourced on the contractual and interim basis to other agencies (Trends in Digital Retail:, 2015). 1.As earlier mentioned, there is a gap in digital skill level. It is predicted by the end of 2020 there were around 1.5 million digital jobs but not the adequate skilled person to fill it out. Thus, promising a career where the demand exceeds the supply. According to experts, the demand for digital marketing experts would rise by 38% in this current year. According to various surveys, the top most firms looking to recruit digital marketing experts would be utilities financial services, FDI, FMCG companies, etc. (The 4 Big Benefits of Having a Digital Marketing Career, 2017). Another survey suggested that the digital marketing salaries are rising in 2017 in comparison to the last five years. There are various incidents where people were hired by showcasing their talents in the social media. Once such example is Holy Shortall, who is currently a fashion illustrator based in Dublin, who showcased her skill by tweeting her illustrations to the celebrities. 2.Personal soft skills The digital marketing world is constantly changing, and new changes and updates take place almost daily. To succeed as a digital marketer, I should be more open and importantly should have a fear of being stagnant (Gillard, 2009). Thus, the digital companies are always on the lookout to have experts who can work as fast as the industry trends changes. Thus I should be willing as well as wanting to adapt at the same time. For being successful, I need to be open and stay updated with all the trends and happenings of my chosen field of expertise. To be a digital marketer, I need to have a variety of knowledge regarding different digital concepts but at the same time have profound and in depth knowledge in a particular area. Thus, having a specialty in an area would require taking the help of a team to increase the knowledge about the campaigns and concepts I would be working on. No digital marketer works alone thus I would be required to be a team player (5 Awesome Qualities of the Unshakeable Digital Marketer, 2017). Technical skills The path to be a successful digital marketing expert is clear, and one thing, in particular, is to have increased level of technical skills. The technical skills required ranges from sales copywriting, SEO, content writing, PPC, analytics, CRO, graphic design and much more. Technical skills are those which address certain tasks and abilities. They are practical knowledge and often related to mathematics, IT, mechanical, programming knowledge, tools and languages (Birkett, 2017).Current capabilities and knowledge Temperament I have the capability to communicate what needed to be done and also expect the people to whom I assign the task to be responsible for breaking down the task to smaller manageable chores. I choose my team according to their ability to deliver certain tasks. While doing any particular task, I work on a specific timeline and have proper use of schedule to manage the task to make sure that it is completed within the allocated deadline. At the beginning of every task, I make sure to outline to myself the whos and whats so that it helps me to have a proper understanding of the task at hand. I do make sure to have back up options so that in the case of any mishaps, the whole task does not get jeopardized. If it is a group task that I am involved in, I outline what is required of the team members, I try to manage everyone on their level and also make sure there is a collective performance regarding overall output (Effective Communications: Raising the profile of your archive service, 2013). I do not believe in the blame game, and thus in case the task is behind schedule I try to mark out the solution rather than blaming other for it. Learning styles According to me, my academic performance was better than average. Although I took part in various extracurricular activities, still I did maintain a high academic percentage in my semesters. I balanced my extracurricular and my academics although it is quite tough to do them at the same time. I always take my studies very seriously, and my performance in my academics are the results of my well-coordinated work ethic. As mentioned earlier, academically I did pretty well as I do enjoy the challenges and have the tendency not to give up. My academic history shows dedication although there were many incidents where I may have quit. But in my school days, I somewhat had some struggles, but it was never pushed upon me when I was growing up. But although I had good performance and the record of having the perfect attendance. I like to work hard and have the tendency to perform well when I am full of activity. I do enjoy learning new things which help me to perform better, I do consider myse lf intelligent and can handle myself extremely well. I am pursuing my higher studies, and every day I challenge myself too much better than the previous day. Key strengths and areas of improvement I do think that I am perfect for becoming a digital marketing expert. I have the necessary mind set up along with the required skills. I am good as a team player and tend to learn new things. My soft skills are excellent which helps me handle people well. Thus I am sure that I would be able to tackle various clients and projects with accuracy. The area where I lack is I need to know the technical aspects as well. Although currently I am self-teaching myself but on the look out to have formal knowledge which would help me excel in the field of digital marketing. Prepare a GAP analysis and SWOT As mentioned earlier I would require gaining more knowledge about various technical aspects such as PPC, SEO, Content writing, sales copywriting, SEO, content writing, PPC, analytics, CRO and graphic design. Another thing which I require to know how things work in the world of digital marketing and the other technical aspects to look out for. SWOT analysis Strengths Soft skills, Capability to work as a team player, profound knowledge, ability to adapt and change. Weaknesses Lacking technical knowledge. Opportunities Rise of the digital era providing ample opportunities. Threats Outsourcing and the freelancers. References 5 Awesome Qualities of the Unshakeable Digital Marketer. (2017).Trends Insights. [online] Available at: https://digitalmarketinginstitute.com/blog/5-awesome-qualities-unshakeable-digital-marketer [Accessed 3 Aug. 2017]. 2016 MARKETING HIRING TRENDS. (2016).T H E S P R E A D O F S T R AT E G I C D I G I TA L MARKETING ACROSS BUSINESS FUNCTIONS. [online] Available at: https://www.deakin.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/895311/McKinley_2016-Marketing-Hiring-Trends.pdf [Accessed 3 Aug. 2017]. 2017 TRENDS REPORT. (2017).EDELMAN DIGITALS. [online] Available at: https://edelmandigital.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/2017-Edelman-Digital-Trends-Report.pdf [Accessed 3 Aug. 2017]. Birkett, A. (2017). What Technical Skills Are Essential for Digital Marketing Pros?.Autopilot. [online] Available at: https://blog.autopilothq.com/digital-marketing-technical-skills/ [Accessed 3 Aug. 2017]. Effective Communications: Raising the profile of your archive service. (2013).The National Archive. [online] Available at: https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/archives/effective-communications.pdf [Accessed 3 Aug. 2017]. Gillard, S. (2009). Soft Skills and Technical Expertise of Effective Project Managers.Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology. [online] Available at: https://iisit.org/Vol6/IISITv6p723-729Gillard599.pdf [Accessed 3 Aug. 2017]. The 4 BigReferences Benefits of Having a Digital Marketing Career. (2017).Trends Insights. [online] Available at: https://digitalmarketinginstitute.com/blog/4-big-benefits-digital-marketing-career [Accessed 3 Aug. 2017]. The Future of Jobs. (2016).Global Challenge Insight Report. [online] Available at: https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Future_of_Jobs.pdf [Accessed 3 Aug. 2017]. Trends in Digital Retail:. (2015).Engaging Converting Through Personalization Omnichannel Excellence. [online] Available at: https://www.criteo.com/media/2265/etail-trends-in-digital-retail.pdf [Accessed 3 Aug. 2017].